Perhaps the best bet for forecasting summertime rain in the Sierra is to familiarize yourself with water vapor and infrared satellite imagery
http://www.rap.ucar.edu/weather/satellite
atmospheric soundings
http://www.rap.ucar.edu/weather/upper
and how the north american monsoon works
http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outreach/Report-to-the-Nation-Monsoon_aug04.pdf
Precipitation in the summer here is probably 90% due to monsoonal moisture making its way north out of the core monsoon region of the New Mexico/Arizona/SoCal area. So by keeping tabs on where the moisture is located and air flow patterns, you should have a pretty good shot at figuring it out. Moisture in the area will likely result in t-storms due to dramatic daytime solar heating and buoyancy perturbations resulting in convection which releases instability via ascent, condensation, and precipitation (in a nutshell).
And while yes, rain is most often experienced during the afternoon hours, it certainly can continue into the night provided sufficient instability and moisture availability. Those who have spent a lot of time wandering the hills can attest to this. Just cause it doesn't happen often doesn't mean that it will not happen! But if you do some homework on your forecasting skills you will have a great chance of dialing in weather (pun intended) or not you need to bring heavy rain attire or just boardshorts
Hope this helps, and have fun on your visit!!!