Overview
Photo in the top right-hand corner by Ivona.![]() | Czerwone Wierchy ![]() Červené vrchy ![]() Vörös-hegyek HU(Red Peaks) Glossary wierch/vrch = peak turnia = crag grzbiet/hrebeň = ridge przełęcz/sedlo = saddle dolina = valley żleb = couloir |
Above photo - view from ESE: Krzesanica left, Małołączniak centre
- by Tomek Lodowy
Czerwone Wierchy are made up of three summits at around 2,100m each - Krzesanica at 2,122m, Małołączniak and Ciemniak at 2,096m each (photo and map below) plus a fourth, easternmost peak named Kopa Kondracka at 2,005m. The name Czerwony Wierch (singular) was originally used for Małołączniak whereas today the Czerwone Wierchy (plural) is the name of the four-summit massif between Dolina Kościeliska in the west nad Tomanowa Przełęcz/Tomanovské sedlo (1686m) in the southwest, and the two passes north and east of Kopa Kondracka in the east. All the red in the toponyms here, although indirectly, is connected with the rock type. But this time the colour does not result from the usual suspect, the rusty iron compounds, despite iron ore having been mined in the sides of the massif a couple of centuries ago. On the limestone and dolomite rocks that form the bulk of the Red Peaks lies a granitoid, acidic cap of Małołączniak, which yields poor soil, only good enough for some hardy grasses, such as highland rush and the endemic Oreochloa disticha, which turn red easily and early, already in July.
![]() |
The north face of Czerwone Wierchy:
Wielka Turnia (Great Crag, far left); Czerwony Grzbiet (Red Ridge) & Małołączniak left of centre; centre: Krzesanica; top right: Ciemniak - photo by Konrad Sus.
Małołączniak
Malolúčniak (in mid-C19 known as Czerwony Wirch, i.e. Red Peak), 2096m ![]() |
| The walls of Wielka Turnia, literally Great Crag (right), plunge into Dolina Małej Łąki (Valley of Little Meadow) from the NE edge of the Red Ridge, whose top gently rises towards the summit of Małołączniak. Wielka Turnia is 1847m high, approx. 350m tall, and offers fun, especially winter climbing - unfortunately forbidden recently. | Besides, Małołączniak's bowels contain the largest cave system in the Tatras. |
The Blue Trail
This trail, waymarked with blue stripes up to the summit of Małołączniak, is my favourite route to the highest summits of the Czerwone Wierchy. It is less frequented than the other trails in the area and has extraordinary views, a decent couloir and chamois.
Distance: 7.5km
Time: 3.5h (up)
Elevation Gain: 1,170m
Extra elevation gain on Małołączniak-Krzesanica-Ciemniak: total 110m (time: 0.5h)
Back down to bus stop/car park from Ciemniak/Małołączniak: 2.5h
While in Zakopane, get on any of the frequently running minibuses heading for Dolina Kościeliska/Chochołowska and get off at the stop called Gronik. The trailhead is a couple of hundred metres back in the direction of Zakopane. If you come by car, you can park it right at the trailhead, which is at the mouth of the Valley of Mała Łąka (Little Meadow).
The trail leads rather gently up the stream until after about 20 minutes you get to the junction with the yellow trail. Then a steeper part follows, which takes you to a broad pass named Przysłop Miętusi, where two trails intersect in the middle of a clearing. The place is watched over by the characteristic Eljaszowa Turnia (Eljasz's Crag). Przysłop Miętusi is a good spot to have a snack (two rest spots with a wooden table and benches: one in the middle picture above and the other at the edge of the forest) and admire a dramatic view of the north, craggy walls of Czerwone Wierchy. To the west, there is an interesting view of Kominiarski Wierch.
Having left Przysłop Miętusi the blue trail turns into a narrow path, which sticks to the eastern flank of the Miętusia Valley and runs more or less along the contour line of 1200m, through a spruce forest. It is now really hard to imagine but in the 19th century this part of the trail served the miners who excavated iron ore in the tunnels dug into the rock below your feet. The iron was then smelted where today the lower cable car station stands. An alternate name of our blue trail is the Miner Track... After three quarters of an hour our trail climbs up the slope a little, still less than a hundred metres, then again continues almost horizontally. Spectacular views open up towards the huge, glacially moulded steps of the Litworowa and Mułowa valleys, which form the headwall of the Miętusia Valley that is called Wielka Świstówka. All the three cirques are devoid of tarns as this is karst terrain.
But our trail, unfortunately, doesn't go up the steps leading to the cirques (that would be more than YDS class 4), but turns left to enter a wide couloir named Kobylarzowy Żleb (Kobylarz's Couloir), just like the rib and the crag on its left. There's lots of scree, some interesting flora in the early summer, and even about twenty metres of steel chain to secure your passage by the only point en route where it is impossible to proceed without using your hands. In fact, it would be very hard to pass this obstacle at this very spot if the chains were not there to help you, as the steep limestone slab (approximately a dozen metres tall) is slick and lacking in good handholds. But the chains have converted this point into just a Class 3 problem.
The last - rather gentle although about 250m up anyway and a bit tiring - section of the trail will take you over the Red Ridge to the very summit of Małołączniak in less than half an hour. The summit offers an outstanding panorama of the Slovak High Tatras.
The chamois
An hour or two before sunset, when almost all hikers have gone, encounters with chamois are highly likely. (Once I was lucky to face a bold young buck that barred the trail, hissing at me and kicking the ground with his front hoof so that I wouldn't dare get closer to his two female companions.)
| |
|---|
KrzesanicaKresanica, 2122m (in mid-C19 known as Zadni Upłaz), 2096mKrzesanica is the highest limestone summit within the territory of Poland. Its finest feature is its northwestern, vertical face which forms the headwall of the Mułowa Dolina. There are cliffs on its northeastern flank too, and southerly, into the Slovak territory, Kresanica sends a craggy spur called Rozpadlý grúň, which looks fairly similar to the Czerwony Grzbiet of Małołączniak. CiemniakTemniak, 2096m (in mid-C19 known as Czerwony Wirch Upłaziański), 2096mThe west face from across Dolina Kościeliska. Tomanowa Przełęcz on the right. The red trail runs all the way along the shoulder left of the summit - photo by Visentin. Kopa KondrackaKondratova kopa, 2005m (in mid-C19 known as Kondratowa), 2096mFrom the upper station of the cable car at Kasprowy Wierch, it takes less than two hours' hike to get to the summit of Kopa Kondracka via a pretty scenic part of the Tatras' main ridge. However, unless you go off season, trying to get a ticket can be difficult and time-consuming, or simply put, a waste of time. Getting ThereZakopane sits at the foot of the Tatra Mountains about 100 km south of Kraków, where there's an international airport. BTW Talking of Europe's medieval architecture, the city of Kraków certainly boasts one of the most interesting old towns in East Central Europe: Hopefully all you need to know about Kraków.![]() It should take you less than two hours to drive from Kraków to Zakopane, but at the weekend or in high season, it can take much more than 3.5 hours, which is how long a journey by train lasts. Here's the bus timetable (The station adjoins the central railway station "Kraków Główny") Apart from the options depicted in the above chapter, from the outskirts of the town of Zakopane - the Polish, bigger version of Chamonix - a few marked trails lead to the tops of Czerwone Wierchy. In my view, the most interesting – scenic and with relatively little traffic – is the blue trail. But the yellow trail through the compact glacial trough of Dolina Małej Łąki (Valley of Little Meadow) is hardly less attractive in terms of scenery. From Dolina Kościeliska a red trail toils up along the divide between the Kościeliska and Miętusia valleys, to the summit of Ciemniak. There is also a longer, all green variant – see the map – which is a bit more interesting. (I would recommend it for the first half of the hike whereas the shorter route is fine for a quick descent.) Access from Slovakia doesn't make much sense, although it is possible. The marked route was designed in order to discourage you from crossing the border with Poland (now no problem any more) and takes a terribly long detour. Maps & Red TapeTo see the area and the trails on an excellent Slovak online map, type (or copy and paste) Kresanica in the search box.There is also a good, older (before the Schengen pact embraced Poland and Slovakia) Polish map to be seen online, which has info on the times needed to walk the trails. You can purchase its paper version here. Red Tape In Poland, you have to pay for entry to the Tatra Mountains National Park – the fee is currently about €1 per day (a weekly pass: €4). The park rules are quite strict. In a nutshell, you are only allowed to walk along the marked trails. Rock climbing in the Western Tatras is forbidden for nature conservation reasons. In Slovakia, you don't pay an entry fee but the trails are closed from 1 November to 15 June. Here are the detailed regulations for various fun activities. Weather & HazardsCzerwone Wierchy seem to be incapable of creating any problems but several dozen people have perished on them. Most of the accidents have happened in wintry conditions (which does not necessarily mean winter, summer snow occasionally occurs too), but the summer fog has led to fatal accidents also as some people have fallen down the northern craggy walls after taking the wrong turn while trying to descend.Mountain rescue team's phone number: (+48) 601100300 another 6-day forecast for Zakopane
AccommodationHut in the Kondratowa Valley![]() "Ornak" Hut in the Kościeliska Valley ![]() In Zakopane Also in ZakopaneGlossary: Noclegi/Kwatery/Zakwaterowanie - Accommodation Apartamenty – self-catering flats/apartments Domki - chalets Ośrodki wypoczynkowe – lower standard hotels/guesthouses/holiday camps Pola namiotowe – rudimentary campsites Wille – B&B/guesthouses Campingi - campsites Motele – motels Pensjonaty – B&B/guesthouses Wynajem pokoi – guesthouses Hotele – hotels (varied standard) Considering the crowds and prices in Zakopane, especially if you happen to have to go in peak season, it may be a better idea to stay in one of the numerous villages in the Podhale area , just north of the Tatras. More External Links
Czerwone Wierchy from the north - from right to left: Ciemniak, Krzesanica, Małołączniak and the craggy bluffs of the Red Ridge in front of it just to the right of the centre, Kopa Kondracka, Giewont - photo by Visentin. |
Western Tatras (Západné Tatry / Tatry Zachodnie)









































